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Biomass Project :Thermoconversion
Here is our project proposal for small rural power project combind with you to make rural power 5000 us dolar for rural power generations
There is one more possibility too to make full use of IC gas engine exit gas CO2 ; first to to make the CO2 and use the heat for the pyrolysis process to make charcoal, and also a latter water use for gasification , to get charcoal ,thus using significant amount of the CO2 for heat recovery; secondly the remaining exit gas , can go for CO2 based gasification known as charcoal and co2 gasification where 18 porcent recycle is the limit , the remaining left CO2 that remains can be used to make Biochar fertilizer by catalytic process made both the charcoal replacing the costlier zeolite or natural mineral zeolite as per Benzamin good project proposal; but need te be combined with lime and urea as these latter can make possible the catalyst to work in hot conditions of the exit gas too.All these can be lead to good C02 recycle for biomass , to make sustainable decentralised power based on well known simple process.
Thus a decentralised charcoal making in rural decentralised small scale IC engine power plants can be the more viable Biomass project for Rural Energy Problems,as how Brazil is able to make huge quantity of charcoal , this in a sustainable way of steel production even now competing well with the other source , and biochar is important to recycle de CO2 to make the biomass production into sustainable power production.
The 100 porcent recycle and reuse in only the gasification can be impossible in such gasification as this can lead to built up in the integrated process of the gasification and combustion
Both CO2 and heat recovery is very important problems that have been already pointed out here , where ic engine Co2 recycle can be better solution not only for the charcoal gasification as in Källe's WWII charcoal gasifier model ( see reference below )as well as the CO2 based pyrolysis for charcaoal making in rural area.But this complex project need detailed mass and energy balance study as CO2 with carbon is and endo thermic reaction which can also positive with respect to energy input needed.
Can some one with along experience like REED, TOM , Benzamin bring here about the use of CO2 pyrolysis in the small scale with little use of air if needed as this one is the critical step for practical biomass project development for rural area.
This project can surely compete with 10000 US micro fueler of home made ethanol project
http://www.efuel100.com/t-product.aspx based on the sugar which is reprted to be be made in a large sacle for the world market .Micro Bio Char small power plant can be made half the price , which yet need to be more useful , acessible and afordabale for many rural areas.This list members can possible to make such an ideal project as we have experiened people such as PROF .Dr. REED, TOM and ANDERSON , who all have always contributed here with the open mind , sharing their high valued experience freely .With their help we , Benzamin from Argentina can come up a very good micro pyrogas biochar fueler of low investment project like one of etanol with all our help as he is more active member here putting several data , analysing all the latest work , giving feeed back .This make our list much dynamic as not possible for many to have time like him , and I wish to express my thanks on behalf several members on the list , as we all from South America, as we hope the real green , the past present and future Green Bioenergy Biochar Project has the Place that is South America. Every one is welcome to follow for leading position for this green power
References:
Gasification list and bioeneregy lists Tom reed reply
C
www.ecosyseng.wetpaint.com
Small projects wood gas stove project
(projeto pequena)
Double-Drum Sawdust Stove
JEFFREY L. WARTLUFT
This bulletin describes an inexpensive home-made stove for burning loose
sawdust. Constructed from empty oil drums, the stove can heat a room 20
feet square for 6 to 8 hours without tending.
Jeffrey Wartluft is a VITA Volunteer who is a forest products technologist
with the United States Forest Service. While working on the design for the
sawdust stove, he researched old VITA plans from Afghanistan and compared
them with stoves he had seen while in Chile as a Peace Corps Volunteer. The
result has been published as Forest Service Research Note NE-208, 1975,
from which this bulletin was taken.
Please send testing results, comments, suggestions and requests for further
information to:
Technical Bulletins
VITA Publications Service
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209 USA
ISBN 0-86619-109-7
Volunteers In Technical Assistance
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209, USA
VITA TECHNICAL BULLETINS
This Technical Bulletin is one of a series of
publications that offer do-it-yourself technology
information on a wide variety of subjects.
Technical Bulletins are idea generators, intended
not so much to provide a definitive answer as to
guide the user's thinking and planning. Premises
are sound and testing results are provided, if
available.
Users of the information are asked to send us their
evaluations and comments based on their experiences.
Results are incorporated into subsequent
editions, thus providing additional guidelines for
adaptation and use in a greater variety of conditions.
In the United States, sawdust traditionally has been burned in large furnaces
for industrial heating, in smaller furnaces for home heating, and in fireplaces
in the form of compressed logs. In other parts of the world, loose sawdust has
been burned for years in inexpensive double-drum stoves. These stoves are well
suited for heating cabins or workshop areas.
The double-drum sawdust stove has other advantages. It is inexpensive to
fabricate; it uses recycled components; it burns inexpensive fuel; and it heats
a long time with minimum tending.
After seeing these stoves heating homes in Chile and reviewing plans(1) for the
types used in Afghanistan and England, I fabricated an experimental stove
(Figure 1) at the Forest Products Marketing Laboratory in Princeton, West
02p01a.gif (486x486)
Virginia. Then I learned how to use the stove by firing it with several kinds
of fuel having different moisture contents.
(1) Wood Waste as a Fuel,
Forest Products Research
Lab. Research
Leaflet 41. Princes
Risborough, England.
11 pp. 1956.
Fabrication
The experimental double-drum stove was made from a 55-gallon steel drum and a
30-gallon drum, plus about $25 worth of other materials, including stovepipe.
Tools needed for fabrication are tin snips, hammer and anvil, rivet tool, drill
and bit, metal-cutting saber saw, and equipment for brazing with bronze.
The stove (Figure 2) consists of two drums, one inside the other. A false
02p01b.gif (600x600)
floor inside the outer barrel supports the inner barrel. A drawer opening
below the false floor provides draft, and the drawer catches dropping ashes,
which are then easily
removed. Three-inch
holes in the center
of the false floor
and the inner barrel
bottom let air pass
up to the fuel and
let ashes fall into
the drawer.
A tightly fitting lid covers the outer barrel. Under this lid are about
3 inches of clearance to the top of the inner barrel. Two 6-inch diameter
stovepipes exit from the outer barrel, allowing smoke to exhaust. The outer
barrel is supported by three legs to keep excess heat from the floor and
prevent rocking.
The false floor and drawer were fashioned from 20-gage sheet metal. Drawer
tabs and curved front were fastened with rivets. The false floor rests on
two parallel 1/2-inch steel rods, which were run through holes on opposite
sides of the outer barrel, and were brazed to it.
Two handles of the lid and one on the drawer were made of 1/2-inch steel
rod, bent to shape, and attached by brazing.
The two joints of stovepipe were brazed to the outer barrel, one near the
top of the stove and the other directly beneath it. These two horizontal
pipes join into a common vertical pipe. The upper horizontal pipe is
fitted with a damper. The vertical pipe is fitted with elbows, straight
lengths, wall or ceiling thimble, and a vent cap to suit the individual
installation.
Smaller or larger stoves can be fabricated with heavy-gage sheet metal
(about 14 gage). The relative sizes of the components should be roughly
proportional to the dimensions of our experimental stove.
Installation
The stove should be placed at least 24 inches away from any combustible
wall or floor material.(2) It should be set on a fireproof floor pad that
extends at least 18 inches in front of the drawer opening. A wall thimble
or triple wall pipe should be used where the pipe goes through the wall or
ceiling and roof. The flue pipe should not have long horizontal sections,
as they favor condensation of flue gas. The condensates leak at the joints
and cause pipe corrosion.
(2) Using Coal and Wood Stoves Safely. National Fire Protection Association
NFPA HS-8. 12 p. Boston. 1974.
Fuels
In addition to sawdust, bark residue from sawmills and planer shavings from
planing mills can be burned in the stove. The limiting factor for fuels is
their moisture content. Though fuel having more than 100 percent moisture
content (oven-dry basis)(3) will burn, most of the heat is used in evaporating
fuel moisture. Fuel below 60 percent moisture contents works well. Fresh
sawdust, shavings, and bark typically have moisture contents ranging from 50
to 110 percent. The best source of fuel is sawdust or shavings from dried
lumber.
(3) The water in the material weighs as much as the dry material itself.
Fuel can be stored in a bin or in plastic garbage bags. If a bin is used,
the inner barrel is either removed and taken to the bin for filling, or a
large bucket is used to transfer the fuel from bin to stove.
How to Use the Stove
A round wooden mold, 3 feet long, tapering from 5 inches to 2 7/8 inches, is
used to shape the fuel charge.
To fill the stove, place the small end of the wooden mold in the hole at the
bottom of the inner barrel. Then tamp sawdust or bark around it until the
inner barrel is full. Wet fuel should not be tamped as much as dry fuel.
Carefully remove the mold, leaving a vertical hole in the center of the fuel
charge (Figure 3).
02p03y.gif (600x600)
Before lighting the fire, open the drawer and damper. Then crumple waste
paper, drop it down the hole in the fuel, and place the lid on the outer
barrel. Place additional crumpled paper in the drawer and light it; move
the drawer in so the flames will ignite the paper in the hole.
Once the fuel is burning, adjust the drawer and damper to obtain the desirable
rate of burning and output of heat. Closing the damper forces hot air
to circulate lower in the stove before leaving through the bottom stovepipe.
Thus more heat is transferred to the room and less is lost through the pipe.
CAUTION: Do not open the lid while the fuel is burning. Oxygen thus mixed
with flammable gases can cause a flare-up.
With dry sawdust and a good draft, one charge of this stove can heat a room
20 feet square for 6 to 8 hours with no tending. Wetter fuel heats less but
lasts longer. During the first 2 hours of burning, there is enough heat at
the center of the lid to boil water or cook with. As burning progresses,
the heat on the lid is distributed more toward the rim.
VITA
VOLUNTEERS
IN TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
ABOUT VITA
Volunteers in Technical Assistance (VITA) is
a private, nonprofit, international development
organization. Started in 1959 by a
group of concerned scientists and engineers,
VITA maintains an extensive documentation
center and worldwide roster of volunteer
technical experts. VITA makes available to
individuals and groups in developing countries
a variety of information and technical
resources aimed at fostering self-sufficiency--needs
assessment and program development
support; by-mail and on-site consulting
services; information systems training. It
also publishes a quarterly newsletter and a
variety of technical manuals and bulletins.
For more information, contact:
VITA
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209 USA
========================================
========================================
There is one more possibility too to make full use of IC gas engine exit gas CO2 ; first to to make the CO2 and use the heat for the pyrolysis process to make charcoal, and also a latter water use for gasification , to get charcoal ,thus using significant amount of the CO2 for heat recovery; secondly the remaining exit gas , can go for CO2 based gasification known as charcoal and co2 gasification where 18 porcent recycle is the limit , the remaining left CO2 that remains can be used to make Biochar fertilizer by catalytic process made both the charcoal replacing the costlier zeolite or natural mineral zeolite as per Benzamin good project proposal; but need te be combined with lime and urea as these latter can make possible the catalyst to work in hot conditions of the exit gas too.All these can be lead to good C02 recycle for biomass , to make sustainable decentralised power based on well known simple process.
Thus a decentralised charcoal making in rural decentralised small scale IC engine power plants can be the more viable Biomass project for Rural Energy Problems,as how Brazil is able to make huge quantity of charcoal , this in a sustainable way of steel production even now competing well with the other source , and biochar is important to recycle de CO2 to make the biomass production into sustainable power production.
The 100 porcent recycle and reuse in only the gasification can be impossible in such gasification as this can lead to built up in the integrated process of the gasification and combustion
Both CO2 and heat recovery is very important problems that have been already pointed out here , where ic engine Co2 recycle can be better solution not only for the charcoal gasification as in Källe's WWII charcoal gasifier model ( see reference below )as well as the CO2 based pyrolysis for charcaoal making in rural area.But this complex project need detailed mass and energy balance study as CO2 with carbon is and endo thermic reaction which can also positive with respect to energy input needed.
Can some one with along experience like REED, TOM , Benzamin bring here about the use of CO2 pyrolysis in the small scale with little use of air if needed as this one is the critical step for practical biomass project development for rural area.
This project can surely compete with 10000 US micro fueler of home made ethanol project
http://www.efuel100.com/t-product.aspx based on the sugar which is reprted to be be made in a large sacle for the world market .Micro Bio Char small power plant can be made half the price , which yet need to be more useful , acessible and afordabale for many rural areas.This list members can possible to make such an ideal project as we have experiened people such as PROF .Dr. REED, TOM and ANDERSON , who all have always contributed here with the open mind , sharing their high valued experience freely .With their help we , Benzamin from Argentina can come up a very good micro pyrogas biochar fueler of low investment project like one of etanol with all our help as he is more active member here putting several data , analysing all the latest work , giving feeed back .This make our list much dynamic as not possible for many to have time like him , and I wish to express my thanks on behalf several members on the list , as we all from South America, as we hope the real green , the past present and future Green Bioenergy Biochar Project has the Place that is South America. Every one is welcome to follow for leading position for this green power
References:
Gasification list and bioeneregy lists Tom reed reply
Dear Arnt and All:
Producer gas is typically 50% N2 and has a heating value of 150 Btu/scf
((6 MJ/m3).
If it is made with oxygen or the N2 in other ways avoided the HHV is 300
Btu/scf (12 MJ/m3).
H2 and CO have a high heat of combustion 280 kJ/mole. H2 has a low
heating value of 20 kJ/mole.
Onward,
TOM REED BEF
Arnt Karlsen wrote:
> On Sun, 18 May 2008 21:34:07 -0400, gfwhell@aol.com wrote in message
> <8CA876790769977-1480-46B7@webmail-stg-d04.sysops.aol.com>:
>
>
>> What would the likely BTU value of Syngas be If it was free of
>> nitrogen? Lets say we removed the nitrogen from the primary and
>> secondary air used for combustion within the gasifier and replaced it
>> with CO 2. This is not such a far fetched idea. The CO 2 could be
>> the hot exhaust from an engine.
>>
>> ..KÃ?lle's WWII charcoal gasifier recycles 18% of the exhaust gas back
Producer gas is typically 50% N2 and has a heating value of 150 Btu/scf
((6 MJ/m3).
If it is made with oxygen or the N2 in other ways avoided the HHV is 300
Btu/scf (12 MJ/m3).
H2 and CO have a high heat of combustion 280 kJ/mole. H2 has a low
heating value of 20 kJ/mole.
Onward,
TOM REED BEF
Arnt Karlsen wrote:
> On Sun, 18 May 2008 21:34:07 -0400, gfwhell@aol.com wrote in message
> <8CA876790769977-1480-46B7@webmail-stg-d04.sysops.aol.com>:
>
>
>> What would the likely BTU value of Syngas be If it was free of
>> nitrogen? Lets say we removed the nitrogen from the primary and
>> secondary air used for combustion within the gasifier and replaced it
>> with CO 2. This is not such a far fetched idea. The CO 2 could be
>> the hot exhaust from an engine.
>>
>
> into the gasifier, these 18% are also used to transport charcoal fines
> from the gasifier's gas cyclone and right back into the combustion
> "bulb" along with the primary air. Finally, the CO2 gas recycled,
> helps brings down the air tube screen into a survivable range.
>
>
>> which would be?added to the oxygen rich air stream coming from a set
>> of zyolite columns. The CO 2 could be converted into CO at the
>> cracking stage where the steam is admitted yielding some extra
>> Hydrogen. Oxygen concentrator development has reached a stage where
>> they will work at ambient pressure.
>>
>
> ..aye, but you do have a gasifier and an engine and a wee bit
> of piping handy, no? ;o)
>
>
> from the gasifier's gas cyclone and right back into the combustion
> "bulb" along with the primary air. Finally, the CO2 gas recycled,
> helps brings down the air tube screen into a survivable range.
>
>
>> which would be?added to the oxygen rich air stream coming from a set
>> of zyolite columns. The CO 2 could be converted into CO at the
>> cracking stage where the steam is admitted yielding some extra
>> Hydrogen. Oxygen concentrator development has reached a stage where
>> they will work at ambient pressure.
>>
>
> ..aye, but you do have a gasifier and an engine and a wee bit
> of piping handy, no? ;o)
>
>
On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 6:39 PM, Benjamin Domingo Bof <benjaminbof@yahoo.com.ar> wrote:
Arnt;
Two questions;
1- Can you explain more about 18 % of recycled gasses?
2-If we use calcium oxide replacing zeolite by low cost
we perhaps can trap CO2 in water solution of calcium hydroxide.
Regards< Ben
Arnt Karlsen <arnt@c2i.net> escribió: On Sun, 18 May 2008 21:34:07 -0400, gfwhell@aol.com wrote in message
<8CA876790769977-1480-46B7@webmail-stg-d04.sysops.aol.com>:
> What would the likely BTU value of Syngas be If it was free of
> nitrogen? Lets say we removed the nitrogen from the primary and
> secondary air used for combustion within the gasifier and replaced it
> with CO 2. This is not such a far fetched idea. The CO 2 could be
> the hot exhaust from an engine.
..Källe's WWII charcoal gasifier recycles 18% of the exhaust gas back
into the gasifier, these 18% are also used to transport charcoal fines
from the gasifier's gas cyclone and right back into the combustion
"bulb" along with the primary air. Finally, the CO2 gas recycled,
helps brings down the air tube screen into a survivable range.
> which would be?added to the oxygen rich air stream coming from a set
> of zyolite columns. The CO 2 could be converted into CO at the
> cracking stage where the steam is admitted yielding some extra
> Hydrogen. Oxygen concentrator development has reached a stage where
> they will work at ambient pressure.
. but you do have a gasifier and an engine and a wee bit of piping handy, no? ;o)
with Kind Regards from Arnt... ;o)
...with a number of polar bear hunters in his ancestry...
Scenarios always come in sets of three:
best case, worst case, and just in case.
_______________________________________________
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http://info.bioenergylists.org
C
www.ecosyseng.wetpaint.com
Small projects wood gas stove project
Charlie Forst gives details of two cooking fuels which may be new to some readers. He works with ECHO, 17391 Durrance Road, North Fort Myers, FL 33917-2200, USA. Sawdust stove This stove is very simple to make and use if there is a good supply of sawdust available. It burns with a high temperature and makes little smoke. This design uses 28 fireproof bricks to make a small square. It could also be made in a large tin or metal bucket. If you have no wood sawdust, try using this idea by putting maize husks through a grinder or mill to obtain powder. Rice husks, wood shavings and other dry organic materials can also be used. 1. Fit a narrow bamboo or plastic pipe at the base, going into the centre to act as an air inlet (A). Balance or hold in place a wider bamboo tube or pipe in the centre of the stove and tightly pack sawdust around this until the stove is filled (B). Remove the pipes very carefully by slowly twisting them. Place four bricks on the top to hold a pan. Light the sawdust at the bottom by first dropping in some paper and then a lighted match. If too much air is entering through the air inlet hole and the stove is too hot, partly close the inlet with a brick or stone (C). 
2. Once lit, the stove will produce a great deal of heat and burn for up to six hours. It may be useful to place a flat piece of metal with a hole cut in it, on top of the sawdust. This metal plate drops down as the sawdust burns and helps to ensure even burning
2. Once lit, the stove will produce a great deal of heat and burn for up to six hours. It may be useful to place a flat piece of metal with a hole cut in it, on top of the sawdust. This metal plate drops down as the sawdust burns and helps to ensure even burning
(projeto pequena)
Double-Drum Sawdust Stove
JEFFREY L. WARTLUFT
This bulletin describes an inexpensive home-made stove for burning loose
sawdust. Constructed from empty oil drums, the stove can heat a room 20
feet square for 6 to 8 hours without tending.
Jeffrey Wartluft is a VITA Volunteer who is a forest products technologist
with the United States Forest Service. While working on the design for the
sawdust stove, he researched old VITA plans from Afghanistan and compared
them with stoves he had seen while in Chile as a Peace Corps Volunteer. The
result has been published as Forest Service Research Note NE-208, 1975,
from which this bulletin was taken.
Please send testing results, comments, suggestions and requests for further
information to:
Technical Bulletins
VITA Publications Service
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209 USA
ISBN 0-86619-109-7
Volunteers In Technical Assistance
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209, USA
VITA TECHNICAL BULLETINS
This Technical Bulletin is one of a series of
publications that offer do-it-yourself technology
information on a wide variety of subjects.
Technical Bulletins are idea generators, intended
not so much to provide a definitive answer as to
guide the user's thinking and planning. Premises
are sound and testing results are provided, if
available.
Users of the information are asked to send us their
evaluations and comments based on their experiences.
Results are incorporated into subsequent
editions, thus providing additional guidelines for
adaptation and use in a greater variety of conditions.
In the United States, sawdust traditionally has been burned in large furnaces
for industrial heating, in smaller furnaces for home heating, and in fireplaces
in the form of compressed logs. In other parts of the world, loose sawdust has
been burned for years in inexpensive double-drum stoves. These stoves are well
suited for heating cabins or workshop areas.
The double-drum sawdust stove has other advantages. It is inexpensive to
fabricate; it uses recycled components; it burns inexpensive fuel; and it heats
a long time with minimum tending.
After seeing these stoves heating homes in Chile and reviewing plans(1) for the
types used in Afghanistan and England, I fabricated an experimental stove
(Figure 1) at the Forest Products Marketing Laboratory in Princeton, West
02p01a.gif (486x486)
Virginia. Then I learned how to use the stove by firing it with several kinds
of fuel having different moisture contents.
(1) Wood Waste as a Fuel,
Forest Products Research
Lab. Research
Leaflet 41. Princes
Risborough, England.
11 pp. 1956.
Fabrication
The experimental double-drum stove was made from a 55-gallon steel drum and a
30-gallon drum, plus about $25 worth of other materials, including stovepipe.
Tools needed for fabrication are tin snips, hammer and anvil, rivet tool, drill
and bit, metal-cutting saber saw, and equipment for brazing with bronze.
The stove (Figure 2) consists of two drums, one inside the other. A false
02p01b.gif (600x600)
floor inside the outer barrel supports the inner barrel. A drawer opening
below the false floor provides draft, and the drawer catches dropping ashes,
which are then easily
removed. Three-inch
holes in the center
of the false floor
and the inner barrel
bottom let air pass
up to the fuel and
let ashes fall into
the drawer.
A tightly fitting lid covers the outer barrel. Under this lid are about
3 inches of clearance to the top of the inner barrel. Two 6-inch diameter
stovepipes exit from the outer barrel, allowing smoke to exhaust. The outer
barrel is supported by three legs to keep excess heat from the floor and
prevent rocking.
The false floor and drawer were fashioned from 20-gage sheet metal. Drawer
tabs and curved front were fastened with rivets. The false floor rests on
two parallel 1/2-inch steel rods, which were run through holes on opposite
sides of the outer barrel, and were brazed to it.
Two handles of the lid and one on the drawer were made of 1/2-inch steel
rod, bent to shape, and attached by brazing.
The two joints of stovepipe were brazed to the outer barrel, one near the
top of the stove and the other directly beneath it. These two horizontal
pipes join into a common vertical pipe. The upper horizontal pipe is
fitted with a damper. The vertical pipe is fitted with elbows, straight
lengths, wall or ceiling thimble, and a vent cap to suit the individual
installation.
Smaller or larger stoves can be fabricated with heavy-gage sheet metal
(about 14 gage). The relative sizes of the components should be roughly
proportional to the dimensions of our experimental stove.
Installation
The stove should be placed at least 24 inches away from any combustible
wall or floor material.(2) It should be set on a fireproof floor pad that
extends at least 18 inches in front of the drawer opening. A wall thimble
or triple wall pipe should be used where the pipe goes through the wall or
ceiling and roof. The flue pipe should not have long horizontal sections,
as they favor condensation of flue gas. The condensates leak at the joints
and cause pipe corrosion.
(2) Using Coal and Wood Stoves Safely. National Fire Protection Association
NFPA HS-8. 12 p. Boston. 1974.
Fuels
In addition to sawdust, bark residue from sawmills and planer shavings from
planing mills can be burned in the stove. The limiting factor for fuels is
their moisture content. Though fuel having more than 100 percent moisture
content (oven-dry basis)(3) will burn, most of the heat is used in evaporating
fuel moisture. Fuel below 60 percent moisture contents works well. Fresh
sawdust, shavings, and bark typically have moisture contents ranging from 50
to 110 percent. The best source of fuel is sawdust or shavings from dried
lumber.
(3) The water in the material weighs as much as the dry material itself.
Fuel can be stored in a bin or in plastic garbage bags. If a bin is used,
the inner barrel is either removed and taken to the bin for filling, or a
large bucket is used to transfer the fuel from bin to stove.
How to Use the Stove
A round wooden mold, 3 feet long, tapering from 5 inches to 2 7/8 inches, is
used to shape the fuel charge.
To fill the stove, place the small end of the wooden mold in the hole at the
bottom of the inner barrel. Then tamp sawdust or bark around it until the
inner barrel is full. Wet fuel should not be tamped as much as dry fuel.
Carefully remove the mold, leaving a vertical hole in the center of the fuel
charge (Figure 3).
02p03y.gif (600x600)
Before lighting the fire, open the drawer and damper. Then crumple waste
paper, drop it down the hole in the fuel, and place the lid on the outer
barrel. Place additional crumpled paper in the drawer and light it; move
the drawer in so the flames will ignite the paper in the hole.
Once the fuel is burning, adjust the drawer and damper to obtain the desirable
rate of burning and output of heat. Closing the damper forces hot air
to circulate lower in the stove before leaving through the bottom stovepipe.
Thus more heat is transferred to the room and less is lost through the pipe.
CAUTION: Do not open the lid while the fuel is burning. Oxygen thus mixed
with flammable gases can cause a flare-up.
With dry sawdust and a good draft, one charge of this stove can heat a room
20 feet square for 6 to 8 hours with no tending. Wetter fuel heats less but
lasts longer. During the first 2 hours of burning, there is enough heat at
the center of the lid to boil water or cook with. As burning progresses,
the heat on the lid is distributed more toward the rim.
VITA
VOLUNTEERS
IN TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
ABOUT VITA
Volunteers in Technical Assistance (VITA) is
a private, nonprofit, international development
organization. Started in 1959 by a
group of concerned scientists and engineers,
VITA maintains an extensive documentation
center and worldwide roster of volunteer
technical experts. VITA makes available to
individuals and groups in developing countries
a variety of information and technical
resources aimed at fostering self-sufficiency--needs
assessment and program development
support; by-mail and on-site consulting
services; information systems training. It
also publishes a quarterly newsletter and a
variety of technical manuals and bulletins.
For more information, contact:
VITA
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22209 USA
========================================
========================================
pannirbr |
Latest page update: made by pannirbr
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Research Team GPEC /UFRN
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