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Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007
29/06/07
Technical Abstract: Of consumer articles made mostly from non-renewable resources, petroleum-based synthetic plastics constitute the largest such category of municipal solid waste in the United States. Containers and packaging products represent the largest group within plastic waste in municipal landfills. Because of this, efforts are being made worldwide to search for renewable and biodegradable substitutes for petroleum-based plastics. Starches, derived from surplus commodity crops, have been investigated as a possible replacement, but it does have some disadvantages such as its susceptibility to water owing to its highly hydrophilic nature. To improve its water resistance, we have studied the properties of baked starch foams with added natural rubber latex. The starches investigated were wheat, potato, and waxy corn. While latex does increased the density of the foam, it also improved the flexibility of the product. Stabilization of the latex with non-ionic detergents helped prevent irregularities in the foam product. The flexural properties of these foams are comparable to commercial products and can be `tuned¿ by varying the starches and adjusting the latex concentration. Latex also decreases the equilibrium moisture content and decreases the effect of higher humidity on the foam products.
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scholar.google.com.br/scholar?q=glycerol++based...
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007
29/06/07
Biodegradable Multiphase Systems Based on Plasticized Starch: A Review
L Avérous - Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part C: Polymer Reviews, 2004 - Taylor & Francis
... the relationships between the structure, the process, and the properties of
biodegradable multiphase systems based on plasticized ... [1] Besides, plastics play ...
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Averous: Biocomposites based on plasticized starch: thermal and mechanical behaviours - Google Acadê
scholar.google.com.br/scholar?hl=pt-BR&lr=&q=re...
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007
29/06/07
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Oilgae: 10/15/2006 - 10/22/2006
www.oilgae.com/blog/archive/2006_10_15_archive....
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007,29/06/07
Systems and Economic Analysis of Microalgae Ponds for Conversion of CO to Biomass
Final Report
J.R. Benemann and W.J. Oswald
fiche AGRICE
www.ademe.fr/partenaires/agrice/Fiches_GB/card....
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007
29/06/07
Simultaneous processing of rapeseed methyl esters (RME) and glycerol

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Needs and objectives
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering

Glycerol is a coproduct of biodiesel, which is derived from rapeseed or sunflower and can be blended with diesel fuel. This coproduct could be commercially processed as an intermediate chemical for the synthesis of speciality products such as lubricants. Glycerol converted into glycerol carbonate is a reagent of choice that can be made to react, for example, with rapeseed methyl esters themselves. It would be useful to validate these syntheses and to test the properties of the products obtained in order to find market outlets for them. The aim of this project is to study the simultaneous, value-added processing of rapeseed methyl esters and glycerol. The first stage will study the acylation of glycerol carbonate by esterification. The second stage will study the acylation of glycerol carbonate by transesterification. The third stage will examine the acylation of glycerol carbonate in the presence of acid chlorides. The fourth stage will be devoted to evaluation and performance testing of the products for uses as lubricants, plastifiers and emulsion agents.

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Markets and commercial outlets
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering

Potential outlets for these products are the following: lubricant applications, for instance machining of metallic parts; plastifier additives used in plastics to facilitate working with polymers; emulsifier additives used in cosmetics and food processing to stabilise emulsions.

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Economic and environmental data
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Crops and/or feedstocks involved : rapeseed, sunflower
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Land area planted/current production : Europe 1997: rapeseed - 4 140 000 ha; sunflower - 4 320 000 ha
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Land area/production quantities under the project : /
RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering Environmental gains : renewable resource
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Method for preparing glycerol carbonate - Google Patents
www.google.com/patents?id=YaMDAAAAEBAJ&dq=glyce...
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007,29/06/07

Method for preparing glycerol carbonate

Sylvain Claude et al

Patent summary

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering
Abstract

The invention concerns a method for preparing glycerol carbonate. This method consists of making urea and glycerol react at a temperature substantially between 90.degree. C. and 220.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst bearing Lewis acid sites, in particular metallic or organometallic salts or supported metallic compounds. The invention enables glycerol carbonate to be obtained, by a catalytic carbamoylation/carbonation reaction, in a highly pure
Method for preparing glycerol carbonate - Google Patents
www.google.com/patents?id=YaMDAAAAEBAJ&dq=glyce...
Nota criada em: 29 de junho de 2007,29/06/07

Method for preparing glycerol carbonate

Sylvain Claude et al

Patent summary

RURAL EXTENSION PROJECT - Ecological System Engineering
Abstract | Drawing | Description | ClaimsAbstract
The invention concerns a method for preparing glycerol carbonate. This method consists of making urea and glycerol react at a temperature substantially between 90.degree. C. and 220.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst bearing Lewis acid sites, in particular metallic or organometallic salts or supported metallic compounds. The invention enables glycerol carbonate to be obtained, by a catalytic carbamoylation/carbonation reaction, in a highly pure
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glycerol carbonate blog process - Pesq


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